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Brugmansia × candida

Pers. (1805)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Brugmansia

angel's trumpet, nānāhonua

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Large shrubs or small trees, up to 4 m tall, often spreading clonally, all parts densely pubescent with simple, erect, crisped hairs, with intraxylary phloem.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate or elliptic, to 15–25 cm long, 8–12 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base oblique. Surfaces densely pubescent with simple, erect, crisped hairs. Margins entire, undulate, rarely with a few shallow lobes. Petioles up to 6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, pendulous, pedicels 3–5 cm long, stout in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx tubular, 5-lobed, spathe-like, split on 1 side and the lobes not clearly separated, up to 12 cm long. Corolla trumpet-shaped, 5-lobed, cuspidate, white or pale apricot, or pinkish, 25–30 cm long, tube slender, gradually flaring to the limb, lobe apices broadly triangular and terminated by cusps 2–3 cm long. Stamens 5, inserted below middle of corolla tube; filaments slender, 4–5 cm long; anthers distinct, linear, ca.2.5 cm long, opening longitudinally. Ovary superior, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; style 17–19 cm long; stigma oblong, 5–7 mm long, included in corolla throat.

Fruit: Capsules rarely formed; fusiform; reportedly up to 20 cm long; 2 cm wide; pendulous; unarmed. Seeds (not seen) reportedly numerous; D–shaped; 6–10 mm long; seed coat corky.

Ploidy: 2n = 24

Habitat: Moist sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Used as ornamental shrubs

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Consuming any part of the plant may cause poisoning within 30 to 60 minutes. Symptoms include hallucinations, warm skin, blurry vision, dry mouth, and reddening. Severe poisoning may cause seizures, paralysis, comas or death
  • Handling the plant and touching eyes may cause pupils to dilate, causing blurry vision or sensitivity to bright light.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syn. Pl. 1: 216 (1805)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1252 (K, O, M, H [as B. candida]); Hughes 1995:9 (Mo); Staples & Herbst 2005:528 (KEY), 530 (DESCR [as B. × candida]); Note: stabilized hybrid

Poisonous Plants of Paradise (Scott, Thomas) p.4-6

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Brugmansia × candida Kapiolani Park Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. 35 Oahu BISH 1929-08-09
2 Brugmansia × candida Oaauhau 3 gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4582 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-06
3 Brugmansia × candida Parker Ranch, Mana near house Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4581 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-05
4 Brugmansia × candida Manoa Valley Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 20 Oahu BISH 1919-10-26
5 Brugmansia × candida Waikiki, Governor Oleghorns garden Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 2616 Oahu BISH 1909-04-01
6 Brugmansia × candida [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. Oahu BISH 1925-12-25
7 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu, Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Williamson, E. Oahu BISH 1962-03-04
8 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Storey, W.B. Oahu BISH 1931-01-01
9 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Brigham, W.T. Oahu BISH 1890-01-01
10 Brugmansia × candida Manoa Valley, Arboretum of H.S.P.A Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. Oahu BISH 1931-05-18
11 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus; Bilger Hall full sun Preserved_Specimen rounded shrub. The flowers are white with hints of cream and chartreuse, and with apple green striations on the outside of the corolla. The flowers have a strong lemon-like fragrance (evening) Lau, J. 1436 Oahu BISH 1985-09-17
12 Brugmansia × candida Koloa District: Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; Bamboo Bridge section, at N. end of hau tunnel with Brugmansia cf. suavelens (DL 6444) Preserved_Specimen Densely branching tree 3 m tall. Flowers pendulous, slightly fragrant (9 am); calyx green, spathaceous; corolla funnelform, pale salmon pink. Fruits occasional, pendulous, green, oblong-cylindrical, indehiscent, 2-locular. Lorence, D.H. 6443 Kauai BISH 1990-05-25
13 Brugmansia × candida Koloa District: Lawai, National Tropical Botanical Garden's visitor center, at S end of Hailima Rd Cultivated. Preserved_Specimen densely branching tree 4 m tall. Flowers pendulous; calyx green, spathaceous; corolla funnelform, pale salmon pink, lobes caudate, stamens and style white; faintly fragrant (8 am). Not setting fruit. Corolla pale yellow in bud. Lorence, D.H. 6440 Kauai BISH 1990-05-25
14 Brugmansia × candida Koloa District: Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; Bamboo Bridge section, at N. end of hau tunnel with Brugmansia cf. suavelens (DL 6444) Preserved_Specimen Densely branching tree 3 m tall. Flowers pendulous, slightly fragrant (9 am); calyx green, spathaceous; corolla funnelform, pale salmon pink. Fruits occasional, pendulous, green, oblong-cylindrical, indehiscent, 2-locular. Lorence, D.H. 6443 Kauai BISH 1990-05-25
15 Brugmansia × candida Koloa District: Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; in front of the Chalet near pump 6 with several other cultivars Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2.5 m tall (was pruned back to ground). Flowers pendulous, corolla funnelform, at first pale yellowish white, at anthesis lobes & distal part of tube turning deep pink, slightly fragrant (4 pm); calyx green, spathaceous. Lorence, D.H. 6446 Kauai BISH 1990-05-25
16 Brugmansia × candida Olaa roadside; wet open woods Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7367 Hawaii BISH 1929-06-12
17 Brugmansia × candida Waialua, near Library silty loam Preserved_Specimen small tree; large downy leaves, large drooping white fls. Afualo, D. Oahu BISH 1975-03-07
18 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus; Bilger Hall full sun Preserved_Specimen rounded shrub. The flowers are white with hints of cream and chartreuse, and with apple green striations on the outside of the corolla. The flowers have a strong lemon-like fragrance (evening) Lau, J. 1436 Oahu BISH 1985-09-17
19 Brugmansia × candida Waimea District. Kokee camp 10 road, next to Waineke swamp. A few plants growing next to roadside. Preserved_Specimen Tree, approximately 3 meters tall; bark pale gray-brown; leaves medium green, and grayish below, drooping at tips, flowers pendulous, petals lime green in bud, turning pure white with maturity Brock, K. 919 Kauai BISH 2016-11-21
20 Brugmansia × candida 2nd N.Fork, Kipapa Gulch, Koolau Mt Wet Preserved_Specimen Inafuku, R. Oahu BISH 1931-02-15
21 Brugmansia × candida [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] garden Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. 7366 Oahu BISH 1931-05-05
22 Brugmansia × candida U.H.Campus, Sherman Laboratory full sun Preserved_Specimen shrub 1.8 m tall with several erect to suberect major branches originating near the base. The major branches are branched towards the tops. Flowers flesh; slightly fragrant (afternoon). Lau, J. 1927 Oahu BISH 1986-02-02
23 Brugmansia × candida East Maui, Honomanu Edge of wet, shaded forest area Preserved_Specimen Shrub with dark green leaves and pendent white flowers. Herbst, D.R. 847 Maui BISH 1968-01-02
24 Brugmansia × candida along Volcano Road roadside Preserved_Specimen Tree 3.5 m. high MacDaniels, L.H. 227 Hawaii BISH 1926-11-10
25 Brugmansia × candida Koloa District; Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; in front of the Chalet (guest cottage), near pump 6 Cultivated Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2m tall (was pruned back to ground); flowers pedulous, corolla funnelform, at first pale yellowish white, at anthesis pure white, slightly fragrant (4 pm); calyx green, spathaceous Lorence, D.H. 6447 Kauai BISH 1990-05-25
26 Brugmansia × candida Puna District, land of Olaa, Mt. View dump Preserved_Specimen Large shrub with white flowers, turning to pale orangish when old. Herbst, D.R. 5817 Hawaii BISH 1976-04-19
27 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu, Colonial Hotel Preserved_Specimen Bush - 2 ft. Grant, M.L. 7162 Oahu BISH 1934-08-02
28 Brugmansia × candida Iao Valley, Ulani Preserved_Specimen Maui BISH 1909-03-13
29 Brugmansia × candida Manoa Valley Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 1 Oahu BISH 1919-09-20
30 Brugmansia × candida Pelekunu Valley, Pilipililau Valley, between USGS gaging station and main stream. Preserved_Specimen Naturalized along drainage. Hughes, G.D. 504 Molokai BISH
31 Brugmansia × candida Honolulu, University Ave Preserved_Specimen 10 ft. tall St.John, H. 10607 Oahu BISH 1930-10-31
32 Brugmansia × candida Waimea Canyon, ca. 1/2 mile E of Kokee Ranger station and Museum on road to Molilii area; Preserved_Specimen shrub 6 ft. high; petals white, hanging down. Henrickson, J.S. 4053 Kauai BISH 1969-08-01
33 Brugmansia × candida Kokee State Park, Mohihi road along Waineke Swamp Preserved_Specimen Several trees to 20 ft. Corolla tube yellow-green with darker veins extending to tip of lobes; lobes of young flowers yellow-green becoming pure white. Slightly fragrant. Flynn, T.W. 2759 Kauai BISH 1988-02-17
34 Brugmansia × candida Lawai-Kai estate, lower Lawai Valley, on hillside along trail overlooking Hidden Valley from the northwest Preserved_Specimen Soft-wooded shrub or small tree to ca. 5 m. high. Flowers white, fragrant, pendent. Fay, J.J. 174 Kauai BISH 1974-02-13
35 Brugmansia × candida Puna District, land of Olaa, Mt. View dump Preserved_Specimen Large shrub with white flowers, turning to pale orangish when old. Herbst, D.R. 5817 Hawaii BISH 1976-04-19
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