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Brugmansia × candida

Pers. (1805)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Brugmansia

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Large shrubs or small trees, up to 4 m tall, often spreading clonally, all parts densely pubescent with simple, erect, crisped hairs, with intraxylary phloem.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate or elliptic, to 15–25 cm long, 8–12 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base oblique. Surfaces densely pubescent with simple, erect, crisped hairs. Margins entire, undulate, rarely with a few shallow lobes. Petioles up to 6 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, pendulous, pedicels 3–5 cm long, stout in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx tubular, 5-lobed, spathe-like, split on 1 side and the lobes not clearly separated, up to 12 cm long. Corolla trumpet-shaped, 5-lobed, cuspidate, white or pale apricot, or pinkish, 25–30 cm long, tube slender, gradually flaring to the limb, lobe apices broadly triangular and terminated by cusps 2–3 cm long. Stamens 5, inserted below middle of corolla tube; filaments slender, 4–5 cm long; anthers distinct, linear, ca.2.5 cm long, opening longitudinally. Ovary superior, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; style 17–19 cm long; stigma oblong, 5–7 mm long, included in corolla throat.

Fruit: Capsules rarely formed; fusiform; reportedly up to 20 cm long; 2 cm wide; pendulous; unarmed. Seeds (not seen) reportedly numerous; D–shaped; 6–10 mm long; seed coat corky.

Ploidy: 2n = 24

Habitat: Moist sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Used as ornamental shrubs

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Consuming any part of the plant may cause poisoning within 30 to 60 minutes. Symptoms include hallucinations, warm skin, blurry vision, dry mouth, and reddening. Severe poisoning may cause seizures, paralysis, comas or death
  • Handling the plant and touching eyes may cause pupils to dilate, causing blurry vision or sensitivity to bright light.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syn. Pl. 1: 216 (1805)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1252 (K, O, M, H [as Brugmansia candida]); Hughes 1995:9 (Mo); Staples & Herbst 2005:528 (KEY), 530 (DESCR [as B. xcandida])

Poisonous Plants of Paradise (Scott, Thomas) p.4-6

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus; Bilger Hall full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1436 Oahu BISH 9/17/1985
2 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Storey, W.B. s.n. Oahu BISH 1931-00-00
3 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu, University Ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10607 Oahu BISH 10/31/1930
4 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Koloa District: Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; Bamboo Bridge section, at N. end of "hau tunnel" with Brugmansia cf. suavelens (DL 6444) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 6443 Kauai BISH 5/25/1990
5 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Iao Valley, Ulani PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. Maui BISH 3/13/1909
6 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Waialua, near Library silty loam PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Afualo, D. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/7/1975
7 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Waimea Canyon, ca. 1/2 mile E of Kokee Ranger station and Museum on road to Molilii area; PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Henrickson, J.S. 4053 Kauai BISH 8/1/1969
8 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Lawai-Kai estate, lower Lawai Valley, on hillside along trail overlooking Hidden Valley from the northwest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fay, J.J. 174 Kauai BISH 2/13/1974
9 Brugmansia × candida Pers. along Volcano Road roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 227 Hawaii BISH 11/10/1926
10 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Manoa Valley, Arboretum of H.S.P.A PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caum, E.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/18/1931
11 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Kokee State Park, Mohihi road along Waineke Swamp PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2759 Kauai BISH 2/17/1988
12 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Garber, D.W. 1 Oahu BISH 9/20/1919
13 Brugmansia × candida Pers. East Maui, Honomanu Edge of wet, shaded forest area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 847 Maui BISH 1/2/1968
14 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Oaauhau 3 gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 4582 Hawaii BISH 7/6/1909
15 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Kapiolani Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, A. 35 Oahu BISH 8/9/1929
16 Brugmansia × candida Pers. 2nd N.Fork, Kipapa Gulch, Koolau Mt Wet PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Inafuku, R. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/15/1931
17 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Parker Ranch, Mana near house PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 4581 Hawaii BISH 7/5/1909
18 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Puna District, land of Olaa, Mt. View dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5817 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1976
19 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Pelekunu Valley, Pilipililau Valley, between USGS gaging station and main stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hughes, G.D. 504 Molokai BISH
20 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu, Tantalus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Williamson, E. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/4/1962
21 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Garber, D.W. 20 Oahu BISH 10/26/1919
22 Brugmansia × candida Pers. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. hughes 6 Molokai US
23 Brugmansia × candida Pers. koloa district: lawai, national tropical botanical garden's visitor center, at s end of hailima road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence 6440 Kauai US 5/25/1990
24 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Kokee State Park, Mohihi road along Waineke Swamp. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lorence, D. H.; Crum, E. L.; Johnston, D.; Johnston, M. 2759 Kauai US 2/17/1988
25 Brugmansia × candida Pers. kokee state park, mohihi road along waineke swamp. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. h. lorence, e. crum, d. johnston & i. m. johnston 2759 DUKE 2/17/1988
26 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Hawaiian Islands; Oahu. Waialua. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN O. Degener; I. Degener 24512 SFV 4/6/1957
27 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Koloa District: Lawai, National Tropical Botanical Garden's visitor center, at S end of Hailima Road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H. 6440 Kauai US 5/25/1990
28 Brugmansia × candida Pers. east maui, pa`akea gulch (kapa`akea) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Maui US
29 Brugmansia × candida Pers. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hughes, G. 6 Molokai US 8/1/1992
30 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Puna District, land of Olaa, Mt. View dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R. 5817 Hawaii US 4/19/1976
31 Brugmansia × candida Pers. hana road, maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. aborn s.n. WTU 3/17/1962
32 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Koloa District: Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; in front of the Chalet near pump 6 with several other cultivars PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 6446 Kauai BISH 5/25/1990
33 Brugmansia × candida Pers. U.H.Campus, Sherman Laboratory full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 1927 Oahu BISH 2/2/1986
34 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Koloa District: Lawai, National Tropical Botanical Garden's visitor center, at S end of Hailima Rd Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 6440 Kauai BISH 5/25/1990
35 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu Harbor garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caum, E.L. s.n. Oahu BISH 5/5/1931
36 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu, Colonial Hotel PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Grant, M.L. 7162 Oahu BISH 8/2/1934
37 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Olaa roadside; wet open woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 7367 Hawaii BISH 6/12/1929
38 Brugmansia × candida Pers. puna district, land of olaa, mt. view dump PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst 5817 Hawaii US 4/19/1976
39 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Waikiki, Governor Oleghorns garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2616 Oahu BISH 4/1/1909
40 Brugmansia × candida Pers. Honolulu Harbor PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Christophersen, E. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/25/1925
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